In the Gunung Mulu National Park, Malaysia, an area of rainforest spanning about 52,864 hectares, has 111 species representing 20 genera.
XPADDER TORRENT WINDOWS 10 KEYGEN
The Chocó region of western Colombia and parts of the island of Borneo have extraordinary numbers of palms. The lowland rainforests of New Guinea and the Sunda Islands and the rainforests of Central and South America are richest in palm species. Numbers of individuals of a species may be few or many.Ĭentres of abundance in numbers of species occur in mixed tropical and subtropical forests in both the American and the Asian tropics. No species, except the European fan palm and the pantropical cultivated coconut ( Cocos nucifera), occurs on more than one continent the genera transcending continental bounds are Chamaerops in Europe and Africa, Elaeis (oil palm) and Raphia (raffia palm, or jupati) in Africa and America, and Borassus (palmyra palm), Calamus (rattan palm), Hyphaene (doum palm), and Phoenix (date palm) in Africa and Asia. The palms of Madagascar are not yet well known, but 130 species belonging to 21 genera are recorded and at least 14 of the genera are found only on the island. The island of New Caledonia has 17 genera and 32 species of palms, all of them endemic. One species, Maxburretia gracilis, is limited to a few limestone outcroppings in the Langkawi Islands off the Malay Peninsula. Although there are species with extensive ranges, especially in America, most are restricted in range, and those of islands, in particular, are frequently found nowhere else. The northernmost palm is the European fan palm ( Chamaerops humilis), which grows about the Mediterranean in Europe and North Africa the southernmost is the nikau palm ( Rhopalostylis sapida), of New Zealand and the Chatham Islands. These distributions correspond more or less with zones having mean annual temperatures of 15 and 21 ☌ (60 and 70 ☏) and, with rare exceptions, to areas having 500 mm (20 inches) or more of rainfall per year. These centres are bounded roughly by latitudes 44° N and 44° S, though the greatest abundance lies primarily between latitudes 30° N and 30° S.
The great centres of palm distribution are in America and in Asia from India to Japan and south to Australia and the islands of the Pacific and Indian oceans, with Africa and Madagascar as a third but much less important palm region.
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